International Journal of Health Sciences: “Energy Drink Consumption: Beneficial and Adverse Health Effects.”
American Beverage Association: “Energy Drinks and Their Ingredients.”
American College of Sports Medicine: “ACSM Announces New Recommendations and Warnings Regarding Safety of Energy Drinks.”
American Journal of Preventive Medicine: “Trends in Energy Drink Consumption Among U.S. Adolescents and Adults, 2003–2016.”
Associated Press: “Proposed CT Energy Drink Ban for Kids Would Be First in Nation.”
Jen Bruning, registered dietitian nutritionist and nutrition strategist; spokesperson, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
Nutrients: “Caffeine-Related Deaths: Manner of Deaths and Categories at Risk.”
Center for Science in the Public Interest: “Caffeine Chart.”
FamilyDoctor.org (American Academy of Family Physicians): “The Truth About Energy Drinks.”
Grandview Research: “U.S. Energy Drinks Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Product (Organic, Non-Organic, Natural), By Target Consumer, By Distribution Channel (Off-Trade, On-Trade), And Segment Forecasts, 2019 – 2025.”
Holly J. Benjamin, MD, professor of orthopedic surgery, rehabilitation medicine, and pediatrics and director of primary care sports medicine, University of Chicago; co-author, American Academy of Pediatrics statement on sports drinks and energy drinks.
Mordor Intelligence: “Energy Drinks Market — Growth, Trends, and Forecast (2019-2014).”
Murray A., Traylor, J. Caffeine Toxicity, StatPearls, 2019.
NIH National Center for Complementary and Integrative Medicine: “Energy Drinks.”
Robert Segal, MD, board-certified cardiologist; founder, Manhattan Cardiology
Pediatrics: “Sports drinks and energy drinks for children and adolescents: are they appropriate?”
Journal of the American Heart Association: “Impact of High Volume Energy Drink Consumption on Electrocardiographic and Blood Pressure Parameters: A Randomized Trial.”
South Carolina Legislature: “Bill H. 4352.”
Texas Medical Center: “Energy Drinks: Health Risks Behind the Boost.”
WTOC: “SC Family Advocating for Bill That Would Ban the Sale of Energy Drinks to Minors.”